线程简介
Process:进程 程序是指令和数据的有效集合,其本身没有任何运行的含义,是一个静态的概念。而进程则是执行程序的一次执行过程,它是一个动态的概念。是系统资源分配的单位。一个进程中可以包含若干个线程,当然一个进程中最少包含一个线程。线程是CPU调度和执行的单位。
Thread:线程

两条线程是同时、交替执行的
注意,线程开启不一定立即执行,由CPU调度执行
方法一:继承Thread类,重写run()方法,调用start开启线程
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package com.ren.lesson01;
//创建线程方式一:继承Thread类,重写run()方法,调用start开启线程
//总结:注意,线程开启不一定立即执行,由CPU调度执行
public class TestThread01 extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
System.out.println("我去打篮球了---"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//main线程,主线程
//创建一个线程对象
TestThread01 testThread01 = new TestThread01();
//调用start()方法开启线程
testThread01.start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("我准备出门了---"+i);
}
}
}
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结果图:


从网络上下载图片,通过一个下载器方法实现
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package com.ren.lesson01;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
public class TestThread02 extends Thread {
private String url; //网络图片保存地址
private String name; //保存的文件名
public TestThread02(String url,String name){
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
//下载图片线程的执行体
@Override
public void run() {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.Downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载的文件名为:"+name);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestThread02 t1 = new TestThread02("https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xcGljLmNuL21tYml6X2pwZy9QbjRTbTBSc0F1Z1g0WFJ2ODZpYTZRR0NXVjdGOG5taWJmS0hDRmhhZk4wa2IxRXlCbUh4MmliNThqd0hQWnlydUpSd2hpYVNZM0ppYXptY2liRlB5b2R2cU9pYUEvNjQw?x-oss-process=image/1.jpg","1.jpg");
TestThread02 t2 = new TestThread02("https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xcGljLmNuL21tYml6X2pwZy9QbjRTbTBSc0F1Z1g0WFJ2ODZpYTZRR0NXVjdGOG5taWJmS0hDRmhhZk4wa2IxRXlCbUh4MmliNThqd0hQWnlydUpSd2hpYVNZM0ppYXptY2liRlB5b2R2cU9pYUEvNjQw?x-oss-process=image/2.jpg","2.jpg");
TestThread02 t3 = new TestThread02("https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xcGljLmNuL21tYml6X2pwZy9QbjRTbTBSc0F1Z1g0WFJ2ODZpYTZRR0NXVjdGOG5taWJmS0hDRmhhZk4wa2IxRXlCbUh4MmliNThqd0hQWnlydUpSd2hpYVNZM0ppYXptY2liRlB5b2R2cU9pYUEvNjQw?x-oss-process=image/3.jpg","3.jpg");
//这三个不是按照顺序来执行的,是同时进行,小的先完成
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
public void Downloader(String url,String name){
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("IO异常,Downloader方法出现异常"+name);
}
}
}
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小结:
创建线程方式二:实现runnable接口,重写run方法,执行线程需要丢入runnable接口实现类,调用start方法。
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package com.ren.lesson01;
//创建线程方式二:实现runnable接口,重写run方法,执行线程需要丢入runnable接口实现类,调用start方法。
public class TestThread03 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
//run方法线程体
for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
System.out.println("我去打篮球了---"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//创建runnable接口的实现类对象
TestThread03 testThread03 = new TestThread03();
//创建线程对象,通过线程对象来开启我们的线程,代理
// Thread thread = new Thread(testThread03);
//
// thread.start();
new Thread(testThread03).start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("我准备出门了---"+i);
}
}
}
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结果图:

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package com.ren.lesson01;
//多个线程同时操作同一个对象
//买火车票的例子
//发现问题:多个线程操作同一个资源的情况下,线程不安全,数据紊乱
public class TestThread04 implements Runnable{
//票数
private int ticketNums = 10;
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
if(ticketNums<=0){
break;
}
//模拟延时
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//Thread.currentThread().getName()获取当前线程的名称
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->拿到了第"+ticketNums--+"票");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestThread04 ticket = new TestThread04();
new Thread(ticket,"你").start();
new Thread(ticket,"我").start();
new Thread(ticket,"他").start();
}
}
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结果图:


线程创建方式三:实现Callable接口
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package com.ren.lesson02;
import com.ren.lesson01.TestThread02;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
//线程创建方式三:实现Callable接口
/**
* callable的好处:
* 1.可以定义返回值
* 2.可以抛出异常
* 不好处:实现方式复杂些
*/
public class TestCallable implements Callable<Boolean> {
private String url; //网络图片保存地址
private String name; //保存的文件名
public TestCallable(String url,String name){
this.url = url;
this.name = name;
}
//下载图片线程的执行体
@Override
public Boolean call() {
WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
webDownloader.Downloader(url,name);
System.out.println("下载的文件名为:"+name);
return true;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
TestCallable t1 = new TestCallable("https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xcGljLmNuL21tYml6X2pwZy9QbjRTbTBSc0F1Z1g0WFJ2ODZpYTZRR0NXVjdGOG5taWJmS0hDRmhhZk4wa2IxRXlCbUh4MmliNThqd0hQWnlydUpSd2hpYVNZM0ppYXptY2liRlB5b2R2cU9pYUEvNjQw?x-oss-process=image/1.jpg","1.jpg");
TestCallable t2 = new TestCallable("https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xcGljLmNuL21tYml6X2pwZy9QbjRTbTBSc0F1Z1g0WFJ2ODZpYTZRR0NXVjdGOG5taWJmS0hDRmhhZk4wa2IxRXlCbUh4MmliNThqd0hQWnlydUpSd2hpYVNZM0ppYXptY2liRlB5b2R2cU9pYUEvNjQw?x-oss-process=image/2.jpg","2.jpg");
TestCallable t3 = new TestCallable("https://imgconvert.csdnimg.cn/aHR0cHM6Ly9tbWJpei5xcGljLmNuL21tYml6X2pwZy9QbjRTbTBSc0F1Z1g0WFJ2ODZpYTZRR0NXVjdGOG5taWJmS0hDRmhhZk4wa2IxRXlCbUh4MmliNThqd0hQWnlydUpSd2hpYVNZM0ppYXptY2liRlB5b2R2cU9pYUEvNjQw?x-oss-process=image/3.jpg","3.jpg");
//创建执行服务
ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
//提交执行(通过服务来提交我们的线程)
Future<Boolean> r1 = ser.submit(t1);
Future<Boolean> r2 = ser.submit(t2);
Future<Boolean> r3 = ser.submit(t3);
//获取结果(获取的结果就是线程调用了call函数所返回的结果)
Boolean rs1 = r1.get();
Boolean rs2 = r1.get();
Boolean rs3 = r1.get();
System.out.println(rs1);
System.out.println(rs2);
System.out.println(rs3);
//关闭服务
ser.shutdownNow();
}
}
//下载器
class WebDownloader{
public void Downloader(String url,String name){
try {
FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url),new File(name));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("IO异常,Downloader方法出现异常"+name);
}
}
}
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/**
* callable的好处:
* 1.可以定义返回值
* 2.可以抛出异常
* 不好处:实现方式复杂些
*/
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结果图:

静态代理
使用结婚这个例子来阐述,可以将其与线程进行比较
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package com.ren.lesson02;
/**
* 静态代理模式总结:
* 真实对象(目标对象)和代理对象都要实现同一个接口
* 代理对象要代理真实角色
* 好处:代理对象可以做很多真实对象做不了的事情
* 真实对象专注做自己的事情
*/
public class StaticProxy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
You you = new You();
//将其与多线程对比
/**
* Thread就相当于WeddingCompany
* Thread是一个代理,它代理的是他括号里面的真实对象(Runnable接口)
* HappyMarry是来自于它的接口中的(代理对象中的),start是Thread里面去弄的,它们都有一个共同的方法,run方法
*/
new Thread(()-> System.out.println("我爱你")).start();
new WeddingCompany(you).HappyMarry();
}
}
interface Marry{
void HappyMarry();
}
//真实角色,你去结婚
class You implements Marry{
@Override
public void HappyMarry() {
System.out.println("我要结婚了!");
}
}
//代理角色,帮助你结婚
class WeddingCompany implements Marry{
//代理谁-->真实目标角色
private Marry target;
public WeddingCompany(Marry target) {
this.target = target;
}
@Override
public void HappyMarry() {
before();
this.target.HappyMarry();//这就是真实对象
after();
}
private void after() {
System.out.println("结婚之后,收尾款");
}
private void before() {
System.out.println("结婚之前,布置现场");
}
}
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结果图:

Lamda表达式
函数式接口的定义:
任何接口,如果只包含唯一一个抽象方法,那么它就是一个函数式接口
对于函数式接口,我们可以通过lamda表达式来创建该接口的对象
一步步的简化过程
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package com.ren.lesson02;
/**
* 推导lamda表达式
*/
public class TestLambda {
//3.静态内部类
static class Like2 implements ILike{
@Override
public void lamda() {
System.out.println("i like lamda2");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ILike like = new Like();
like.lamda();
like = new Like2();
like.lamda();
//4.局部内部类
class Like3 implements ILike{
@Override
public void lamda() {
System.out.println("i like lamda3");
}
}
like = new Like3();
like.lamda();
//5.匿名内部类,没有类的名称,必须借助接口或者父类
like = new ILike() {
@Override
public void lamda() {
System.out.println("i like lamda4");
}
};
like.lamda();
//3.用lamda简化
like = ()->{
System.out.println("i like lamda5");
};
like.lamda();
}
}
//1.定义一个函数式接口
interface ILike{
void lamda();
}
//2.实现类
class Like implements ILike{
@Override
public void lamda() {
System.out.println("i like lamda");
}
}
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实例过程
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package com.ren.lesson02;
public class TestLamda2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//lamda表达式简化
ILove love = (int a)-> {
System.out.println("i love you-->"+a);
};
//简化1.去掉参数类型
love = (a)-> {
System.out.println("i love you-->"+a);
};
//简化2.去掉括号
love = a-> {
System.out.println("i love you-->"+a);
};
//简化3.去掉花括号
love = a-> System.out.println("i love you-->"+a);
/**
* 总结:
* lamda表达式只能有一行代码的情况下才能简化成为一行(也就是去掉花括号),如果有多行,那么就用代码块包裹。
* 前提是接口为函数式接口
* 多个参数也可以去掉参数类型,要去掉就都去掉,必须加上括号
*/
love.love(8);
}
}
interface ILove{
void love(int a);
}
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总结:
* lamda表达式只能有一行代码的情况下才能简化成为一行(也就是去掉花括号),如果有多行,那么就用代码块包裹。
* 前提是接口为函数式接口
* 多个参数也可以去掉参数类型,要去掉就都去掉,必须加上括号
线程五大状态

线程方法

不涉及到多个线程操作一个对象可以直接继承Thread,涉及道路就采用继承Runnable接口
线程停止
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package com.ren.lesson03;
/**
* 测试stop(停止线程)
* 1.建议使用线程正常停止--->利用次数,不建议死循环
* 2.建议使用标志位--->设置一个标志位
* 3.不要使用stop或者destory等过时或者JDK不建议使用的方法
*/
public class TestStop implements Runnable{
//1.设置一个标识位
private boolean flag = true;
@Override
public void run() {
int i = 0;
while(flag){
System.out.println("run......Thread"+i++);
}
}
//2.设置一个公开的方法停止线程,转换标志位
public void stop(){
this.flag = false;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestStop testStop = new TestStop();
new Thread(testStop).start();
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("main"+i);
if(i==900){
//调用stop方法切换标志位,让线程停止
testStop.stop();
System.out.println("该线程停止了");
}
}
}
}
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结果图:

线程休眠

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package com.ren.lesson03;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
//模拟倒计时
public class TestSleep2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//打印当前系统时间
Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//获取系统当前时间
while(true){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm:ss").format(startTime));
startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());//更新当前时间
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//模拟倒计时
public static void tenDown() throws InterruptedException {
int num = 10;
while(true){
Thread.sleep(1000);
System.out.println(num--);
if(num<=0){
break;
}
}
}
}
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结果图:

线程礼让

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package com.ren.lesson03;
/**
* 测试礼让线程
* 礼让不一定成功,看CPU心情
*/
public class TestYield {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyYield myYield = new MyYield();
new Thread(myYield,"a").start();
new Thread(myYield,"b").start();
}
}
class MyYield implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程开始执行!");
Thread.yield();//礼让
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"线程停止执行!");
}
}
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结果图:

注意:礼让有可能是成功的,也有可能礼让失败!!!
线程强制执行_Join
Join合并线程,待此线程执行完成后,再执行其它线程,其它线程阻塞。可以想象成插队。
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package com.ren.lesson03;
//测试join方法,想象成插队
public class TestJoin implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("线程VIP来了"+i);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//启动我们的线程
TestJoin testJoin = new TestJoin();
Thread thread = new Thread(testJoin);
//主线程
for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++) {
if(i==200){
thread.start();
thread.join();//插队
}
System.out.println("main"+i);
}
}
}
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结果图:

线程状态观测

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package com.ren.lesson03;
//观察测试线程的状态
public class TestState {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Thread thread = new Thread(()->{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("//////");
});
//观察状态
Thread.State state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//New
//观察启动后
thread.start();//启动线程
state = thread.getState();
System.out.println(state);//Run
//只要线程不终止,就一直输出状态
while(state != Thread.State.TERMINATED){
Thread.sleep(100);//1秒运行十次
state = thread.getState();//线程状态的更新
System.out.println(state);
}
}
}
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结果图:

线程优先级
线程优先级越高,所获取的资源越多
优先级低只是意味着获得调度的概率低,并不是优先级低就不会被调用了,这都是看CPU的调度
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package com.ren.lesson03;
//测试线程的优先级
public class Testpriority {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//主线程默认优先级
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
MyPriority myPriority = new MyPriority();
Thread t1 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t2 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t3 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t4 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t5 = new Thread(myPriority);
Thread t6 = new Thread(myPriority);
//先设置优先级,在启动
t1.start();
t2.setPriority(1);
t2.start();
t3.setPriority(5);
t3.start();
t4.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
t4.start();
// t5.setPriority(11);
// t5.start();
//
// t6.setPriority(-1);
// t6.start();
}
}
class MyPriority implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-->"+Thread.currentThread().getPriority());
}
}
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结果图:

守护线程

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package com.ren.lesson03;
//测试守护线程
public class TestDaemon {
public static void main(String[] args) {
God god = new God();
You you = new You();
Thread thread = new Thread();
thread.setDaemon(true);//默认是false表示的用户线程,正常的线程都是用户线程
thread.start();//上帝守护线程启动
new Thread(you).start();// 你 用户线程启动
}
}
class God implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
System.out.println("1111111111111111111111111");
}
}
}
class You implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 36500; i++) {
System.out.println("你一生都开心的活着!");
}
System.out.println("============goodbye world==============");
}
}
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结果图:

线程同步机制

三大不安全案例
买票
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package com.ren.lesson04;
//不安全的买票
//线程不安全,有负数
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();
new Thread(station,"A").start();
new Thread(station,"B").start();
new Thread(station,"C").start();
}
}
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
//票数
private int ticketNums = 10;
//外部停止方式
boolean flag = true;
@Override
public void run() {
//买票
while (flag){
try {
buy();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private void buy() throws InterruptedException {
//判断是否有票
if(ticketNums<=0){
flag=false;
return ;
}
//模拟延时 放大问题的发生性
Thread.sleep(100);
//买票
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
}
}
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结果图:

取钱
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package com.ren.lesson04;
//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱,账户
public class UnsafeBank {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Account account = new Account(100,"结婚基金");
Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50,"你");
Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account, 100,"girlFriend");
you.start();
girlFriend.start();
}
}
class Account{
//余额
int money;
//卡名
String name;
public Account(int money, String name) {
this.money = money;
this.name = name;
}
}
//银行:模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread{
//账户
Account account;
//取了多少钱
int drawingMoney;
//现在手里有多少钱
int nowMoney;
public Drawing(Account account,int drawingMoney,String name){
super(name);
this.account = account;
this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
}
//取钱
@Override
public void run() {
//判断有没有钱
if(account.money-drawingMoney<0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,取不了");
return;
}
//延时,放大问题的发生性
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
//你手上的钱
nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
System.out.println(account.name+"余额为:"+account.money);
//Thread.currentThread().getName() 等价于 this.getName() 因为继承了Thread
System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱:"+nowMoney);
}
}
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结果图:

不安全的集合
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package com.ren.lesson04;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
//线程不安全的集合
public class UnsafeList {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}).start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
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结果图:

同步方法

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package com.ren.lesson04;
//不安全的买票
//线程不安全,有负数
public class UnsafeBuyTicket {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BuyTicket station = new BuyTicket();
new Thread(station,"A").start();
new Thread(station,"B").start();
new Thread(station,"C").start();
}
}
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
//票数
private int ticketNums = 10;
//外部停止方式
boolean flag = true;
@Override
public void run() {
//买票
while (flag){
try {
buy();
//模拟延时 放大问题的发生性
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//synchronized 同步方法,锁的是this
private synchronized void buy() throws InterruptedException {
//判断是否有票
if(ticketNums<=0){
flag=false;
return ;
}
//买票
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"拿到"+ticketNums--);
}
}
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关键点:

结果图:

同步块

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package com.ren.lesson04;
//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱,账户
public class UnsafeBank {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Account account = new Account(1000,"结婚基金");
Drawing you = new Drawing(account, 50,"你");
Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account, 100,"girlFriend");
you.start();
girlFriend.start();
}
}
class Account{
//余额
int money;
//卡名
String name;
public Account(int money, String name) {
this.money = money;
this.name = name;
}
}
//银行:模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread{
//账户
Account account;
//取了多少钱
int drawingMoney;
//现在手里有多少钱
int nowMoney;
public Drawing(Account account,int drawingMoney,String name){
super(name);
this.account = account;
this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
}
//取钱
//synchronized 默认锁的是this
@Override
public void run() {
//锁的对象就是变化的量,需要增、删、改的对象
synchronized (account){
//判断有没有钱
if(account.money-drawingMoney<0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"钱不够,取不了");
return;
}
//延时,放大问题的发生性
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
account.money = account.money - drawingMoney;
//你手上的钱
nowMoney = nowMoney + drawingMoney;
System.out.println(account.name+"余额为:"+account.money);
//Thread.currentThread().getName() 等价于 this.getName() 因为继承了Thread
System.out.println(this.getName()+"手里的钱:"+nowMoney);
}
}
}
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关键点:

结果图:

CopyOnWriteArrayList
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package com.ren.lesson04;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
public class TestJUC {
public static void main(String[] args) {
CopyOnWriteArrayList<String> list = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
new Thread(()->{
list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}).start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//打印是在主线程,操作list是在子线程,sleep是保证子线程执行完在执行主线程的打印
System.out.println(list.size());
}
}
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结果图:

死锁

死锁避免方法

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package com.ren.lesson05;
//死锁:多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源,形成僵持
public class DeadLock {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Makeup g1 = new Makeup(0,"灰姑凉");
Makeup g2 = new Makeup(1,"白雪公主");
g1.start();
g2.start();
}
}
//口红
class Lipstick{
}
//镜子
class Mirror{
}
class Makeup extends Thread{
//需要的资源只有一份,用static来保证只有一份
static Lipstick lipstick = new Lipstick();
static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();
//选择
int choice;
//使用化妆品的人
String girlName;
public Makeup(int choice,String girlName){
this.choice = choice;
this.girlName = girlName;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
makeup();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//化妆,互相持有对方的锁,就是需要拿到对方的资源
private void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
if(choice == 0){
/**
* 这个地方解决的方法就是不让其一个人抱着两个人的资源,将其写到外面来
*/
synchronized (lipstick){//获得口红的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
synchronized (mirror){//一秒钟后想获得镜子的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
}
}else{
synchronized (mirror){//获得镜子的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
synchronized (lipstick){//两秒钟后想获得口红的锁
System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
}
}
}
}
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结果图:

Lock
synchronized与Lock的对比

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package com.ren.lesson05;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
public class TestLock {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TestLock2 testLock2 = new TestLock2();
new Thread(testLock2).start();
new Thread(testLock2).start();
new Thread(testLock2).start();
}
}
class TestLock2 implements Runnable{
int ticketNums = 10;
//定义lock锁
private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
try{
//加锁
lock.lock();
if(ticketNums>0){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(ticketNums--);
}else{
break;
}
}finally {
//解锁
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
}
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结果图:

生产者消费者问题

管程法
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package com.ren.lesson05;
//测试:生产者消费者模型-->利用缓冲区解决:管程法
//生产者, 消费者 , 产品, 缓冲区
public class TestPC {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SynContainer container = new SynContainer();
new Productor(container).start();
new Consumer(container).start();
}
}
//生产者
class Productor extends Thread{
SynContainer container;
public Productor(SynContainer container){
this.container = container;
}
//生产
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
container.push(new Chicken(i));
System.out.println("生产了第"+i+"只鸡");
}
}
}
//消费者
class Consumer extends Thread{
SynContainer container;
public Consumer(SynContainer container){
this.container = container;
}
//消费
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("消费了第-->"+container.pop().id+"只鸡");
}
}
}
//产品
class Chicken{
//产品编号
int id;
public Chicken(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}
//缓冲区
class SynContainer{
//需要一个容器大小
Chicken[] chickens = new Chicken[10];
//容器计数器
int count = 0;
//生产者放入产品
public synchronized void push(Chicken chicken){
//如果容器满了,就需要等待消费者消费产品
if(count==chickens.length){
//通知消费者生产,生产者等待
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//如果没有满,我们就需要丢入产品
chickens[count] = chicken;
count++;
//可以通知消费者消费了
this.notifyAll();
}
//消费者消费产品
public synchronized Chicken pop(){
//判断能否消费
if(count == 0){
//等待生产者生产,消费者等待
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//如果可以消费
count--;
Chicken chicken = chickens[count];
//吃完了,通知生产者生产
this.notifyAll();
return chicken;
}
}
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结果图:

信号灯法
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package com.ren.lesson05;
//测试生产者消费者问题2:信号灯法,标志位解决
public class TestPC2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
TV tv = new TV();
new Player(tv).start();
new Watcher(tv).start();
}
}
//生产者-->演员
class Player extends Thread{
TV tv;
public Player(TV tv){
this.tv = tv;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
if(i%2==0){
tv.play("快乐大本营播放中!");
}else{
tv.play("抖音记录美好生活");
}
}
}
}
//消费者-->观众
class Watcher extends Thread{
TV tv;
public Watcher(TV tv){
this.tv = tv;
}
@Override
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
tv.watch();
}
}
}
//产品-->节目
class TV{
//演员表演,观众等待 T
//观众观看,演员等待 F
//表演的节目
String voice;
//标志位
boolean flag = true;
//演员表演
public synchronized void play(String voice){
if(!flag){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("演员表演了:"+voice);
//通知观众观看
this.notifyAll();//通知唤醒
this.voice = voice;
this.flag = !flag;
}
//观众观看
public synchronized void watch(){
if(flag){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("观众观看了:"+voice);
//通知演员表演
this.notifyAll();
this.flag = !flag;
}
}
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结果图:

使用线程池


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package com.ren.lesson05;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
//测试线程池
public class TestPool {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1.创建服务,创建线程池
//newFixedThreadPool 参数为:线程池大小
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
//执行runnable的实现类
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
service.execute(new MyThread());
//2.关闭连接
service.shutdown();
}
}
class MyThread implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}
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结果图:
